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Csearchl Get u Laid a New o Laid ) Get { York * Getlaidwithoutbeingbroke Support searchisearchs Getlaidwithoutbeingbroke Number property * * @param aFirstNumber first number */ public void setFirstNumber(int aFirstNumber) {} /** * First number property * * @return First number. */ public int getFirstNumber() {} /** * Result of the operation on the first two numbers. * * @return Second Number. */ public int getResult() {} /** * Second number property * * @param aSecondNumber Second number. */ public void setSecondNumber(int aSecondNumber) {} /** * Get second number. * * @return Second number. */ public int getSecondNumber() {} /** * Adds the first number and second number together. * * @return next logical outcome. */ public String add() {} /** * Multiplies the first number and second number together. * * @return next logical outcome. */ public String multiply() {}}Notice in the above listing that the multiply and add methods return "success." The string success signifies a logical outcome. Note that it is not a keyword. You used the string success when specifying navigation rules in faces-config.xml; therefore, after the add or multiply operation is executed the application will forward the user to the results.jspx page.
Next, you will want to declare which beans get used by JSF GUI components. The example application only has one managed bean. It is configured in faces-config.xml as follows:
The above config tells JSF that you want to add a bean to the JSF context called CalcBean. You can call your managed bean anything you want. With the beans declared, your next step is to state the high-level navigation rules for the application.
For this simple application you need only to establish the navigation path from the calculator.jspx page to the results.jspx page, as shown below.
The above states that if an action returns the logical outcome "success" from the /calculator.jspx view, then forward the user to the /results.jspx view.
With that, you're done configuring and writing the model and controller. Next you'll specify the our Facelets pages and component trees that redivsent the application view.
The purpose of the index.jsp page in this application is to ensure that the /calculator.jspx page loads in the JSF context so that the page can find the corresponding view root. The index.jsp page should be edited to look as follows:
All this page does is redirect the user to calculator.jspx under the "calc" Web context. This puts the calculator.jspx page under the JSF context, where it can find its facesContext.
The calculator.jspx page is the meat of the Calculator application's view. This page takes two numbers input by the user, as shown in below.
Because creating a JSF/Facelets page can be daunting the first time, I'll show you how to build it step by step. You'll start off by declaring the taglibs for JSF and Facelets as follows:
The above tells the JSP engine that you want to use the two JSF taglibs html and core. The html taglib contains all the tags for dealing with forms and other HTML-specific goodies. The core taglib contains all the logic, validation, controller, and other tags specific to JSF. The Facelets taglib (ui) contains all Facelets tags.
Once you've laid out the page in normal HTML you want to tell the JSF system that you're going to be using JSF to manage your components. You do this by using the <f:view> tag, which informs the container that you're using JSF to manage the components contained inside of it. (When pronouncing this tag make sure you say "f colon view"; it is very important to enunciate the colon lest you offend!)
With Facelets you do not need a <f:view> as you do with JSF. Next use the <f:form> and <ui:composittion> tag as follows:
The first line above is the declaration of <ui:composition>, telling Facelets that this is a composition of components. The next line is the <h:form> putting an HTML form here. During the render phase the components contained within the form component will be looked up and asked to render themselves, whereupon they will generate standard HTML to the output.
Next, you tell JSF what other components you want in the form. Inside of the <h:form> you declare a panelGrid. A panelGrid is a composite component – that is, a component that contains other components. The panelGrid specifies the layout of the other components. The panelGrid is declared as follows:
The attribute columns being set to 3 indicates that the components will be laid out in a grid with three columns. You add six components to the panelGrid, that is, two rows. Each row consists of an outputLabel, an inputText, and a message. The label and message are associated with the inputText component; therefore, when a validation error or error message is associated with the textField, the message will show up in the message component. Both of the text fields are required, which means if their values are not divsent on submit an error message will be created and control will return to this view; namely /calculator.jsp.
Notice that both inputFields use a JSF EL (JavaServer Faces Exdivssion Language) value binding for the value attribute (for example, CalcBean.firstNumber). At first blush this looks a lot like JSTL EL. However, the Universal EL code actually associates the fields with the corresponding values of the backing beans properties. This association is reflexive: that is, if firstNumber was 100 then 100 would show up when the form was displayed. Likewise, if the user submitted a valid value such as 200 then 200 would be the new value of the firstNumber property.
A more common (but also more involved) approach would be for the backing bean to expose model objects via properties and bind those model object properties to page fields. You'll see an example of this approach in later articles in the series.
In addition to the fields, the calcForm is associated with two actions using two commandButtons inside of a panelGroup, as shown below.
The panelGroup is similar in concept to the panelGrid with the exception that it lays things out differently. The command buttons use the action exdivssion CalcBean.add to bind the button to a method on the backing bean. Thus, when the form is submitted with the button, the associated method gets invoked (assuming that all validation is ok).
And with that – whew! – you're over the biggest hump of coding a JSF application. The last couple of steps will be a breeze.
The results.jspx page is used to display the results of the last calculator operation. It is defined as follows:
This results.jspx file is a relatively simplistic page that displays the addition results to the user. It accomplishes this through the <h:outputText> tag. The <h:outputText> tag takes an id and value attribute. The value attribute outputs the bean value as a string when rendered. The value attribute uses JSF to bind the output value to your backing bean properties (namely, as you'll recall, firstNumber, secondNumber, and result).
It should be noted that unlike JSF with Facelets you do not need <h:outputText> tags. Why not tell you this first? You have to feel the pain of JSP before you can truly apdivciate Facelets.
It is redefined as follows without the outputText tags:
Now it is smaller and more understandable.
(At this point, this works best with Mozilla, later it won't matter.)
Congrats! You are done with the first lesson!
If this intro to JSF, Facelets and Eclipse WTP has left you shaking your head a little, don't worry: you're over the worst hump. Getting into the conceptual framework of JSF is more than half the battle with implementing this technology – and you'll soon see that it's well worth the trouble.
This concludes the first tutorial in the JSF, Facelets, Spring, Hibernate running in Eclipse WTP series.
There is a lot of information out there that can support you in your efforts to learn JSF, Spring, Facelets, Hibernate and Eclipse WTP.
Here are some article I wrote on JSF, Spring, Facelets and Hibernate.
JSF
*JSF for nonbelievers: Clearing the FUD about JSF
*The JSF application lifecycle
*JSF conversion and validation
*JSF component development
*JSF is good
Facelets
*Facelets fits JSF like a Glove
*Advanced Facelets programming
Spring
*Object-relation mapping without the container
*Understanding the value of Spring
*Spring guide for managers
*ROI for Spring
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